氧化鋅避雷器是七十年代發(fā)展起來的一種新型避雷器，它主要由氧化鋅壓敏電阻構成。每一塊壓敏電阻從制成時就有它的一定開關電壓（叫壓敏電壓），在正常的工作電壓下（即小于壓敏電壓）壓敏電阻值很大，相當于絕緣狀態(tài)，但在沖擊電壓作用下（大于壓敏電壓），壓敏電阻呈低值被擊穿，相當于短路狀態(tài)。然而壓敏電阻被擊后，是可以恢復絕緣狀態(tài)的；當高于壓敏電壓的電壓撤銷后，它又恢復了高阻狀態(tài)。因此，如在電力線上安裝氧化鋅避雷器后，當雷擊時，雷電波的高電壓使壓敏電阻擊穿，雷電流通過壓敏電阻流入大地，可以將電源線上的電壓控制在安全范圍內(nèi)，從而保護了電氣設備的安全。  HY5WX-51/134氧化鋅避雷器多少錢
特性
氧化鋅避雷器七大特性：
通流能力
這主要體現(xiàn)在避雷器具有吸收各種雷電過電壓、工頻暫態(tài)過電壓、操作過電壓的能力。
保護特性
氧化鋅避雷器是用來保護電力系統(tǒng)中各種電器設備免受過電壓損壞的電器產(chǎn)品，具有良好保護性能。因為氧化鋅閥片的非線性伏安特性十分優(yōu)良，使得在正常工作電壓下僅有幾百微安的電流通過，便于設計成無間隙結構，使其具備保護性能好、重量輕、尺寸小的特征。當過電壓侵入時，流過閥片的電流迅速增大，同時限制了過電壓的幅值，釋放了過電壓的能量，此后氧化鋅閥片又恢復高阻狀態(tài)，使電力系統(tǒng)正常工作。HY5WX-51/134氧化鋅避雷器多少錢
密封性能
避雷器元件采用老化性能好、氣密性好的優(yōu)質(zhì)復合外套，采用控制密封圈壓縮量和增涂密封膠等措施，陶瓷外套作為密封材料，確保密封可靠，使避雷器的性能穩(wěn)定。
機械性能
主要考慮以下三方面因素：
A承受的地震力；
B作用于避雷器上的大風壓力；
C避雷器的頂端承受導線的大允許拉力。
解污穢性能
無間隙氧化鋅避雷器具有較高的耐污穢性能。
國家標準規(guī)定的爬電比距等級為：
II級 中等污穢地區(qū)：爬電比距20mm/kv
III級 重污穢地區(qū)：爬電比距25mm/kv
IV級 特重污穢地區(qū)：爬電比距31mm/kv
高運行可靠性
*運行的可靠性取決于產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，及對產(chǎn)品的選型是否合理。影響它的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量主要有以下三方面：
A 避雷器整體結構的合理性；
B 氧化鋅閥片的伏安特性及耐老化特性；
C 避雷器的密封性能。
工頻耐受能力
由于電力系統(tǒng)中如單相接地、長線電容效應以及甩負荷等各種原因，會引起工頻電壓的升高或產(chǎn)生幅值較高的暫態(tài)過電壓，避雷器具有在一定時間內(nèi)承受一定工頻電壓升高能力。

Zinc oxide arrester is a new type of arrester developed in the 1970s. It is mainly composed of zinc oxide varistor. Each varistor has its own switching voltage (called varistor voltage) from the time it is made. Under normal working voltage (i.e. less than the varistor voltage), the varistor value is very large, which corresponds to the insulation state, but under impulse voltage (greater than the varistor voltage), the varistor is broken down at a low value, which corresponds to the short circuit state. However, when the varistor is struck, the insulation state can be restored; when the voltage higher than the varistor voltage is withdrawn, the high resistance state can be restored. Therefore, if the zinc oxide arrester is installed on the power line, when lightning strikes, the high voltage of the lightning wave breaks down the varistor, and the lightning current flows into the earth through the varistor, the voltage on the power line can be controlled in a safe range, thus protecting the safety of electrical equipment.

Characteristic

Seven characteristics of zinc oxide arrester:

Flow capacity

This is mainly reflected in the arrester has the ability to absorb all kinds of lightning overvoltage, power frequency transient overvoltage, operating overvoltage.

Protection characteristics

Zinc oxide arrester is an electrical product used to protect all kinds of electrical equipment from overvoltage damage in power system. It has good protection performance. Because the non-linear volt-ampere characteristic of zinc oxide valve sheet is very good, only a few hundred microamperes of current pass through under normal working voltage. It is easy to design a gapless structure, which has the characteristics of good protection performance, light weight and small size. When the overvoltage intrudes, the current flowing through the valve plate increases rapidly, at the same time, the amplitude of the overvoltage is limited, and the energy of the overvoltage is released. Then the zinc oxide valve plate resumes its high resistance state and makes the power system work normally.

Sealing performance

Surge arrester components adopt high-quality composite coat with good aging performance and air tightness. Ceramic coat is used as sealing material to ensure reliable sealing and stable performance of surge arrester.

Mechanical properties

The following three factors are considered:

A. The seismic force.

B. Maximum wind pressure acting on the arrester;

The top of the C arrester bears the maximum allowable tension of the conductor.

Decontamination performance

Gapless zinc oxide arrester has high pollution resistance.

The creepage ratio distance classified in the national standard is as follows:

Class II medium polluted area: creepage ratio 20 mm/kv

Class III heavily polluted area: creepage ratio 25 mm/kv

Class IV Extra Heavy Pollution Area: Creep Ratio Distance 31mm/kv

High operational reliability

The reliability of long-term operation depends on the quality of products and the rationality of product selection. There are three main aspects that affect the quality of its products:

Rationality of the overall structure of A arrester;

Volt-ampere characteristics and aging resistance of B zinc oxide valve sheet;

Sealing performance of C arrester.

Power Frequency Tolerance

Due to various reasons in power system, such as single-phase grounding, long-line capacitance effect and load rejection, the power frequency voltage will rise or the transient overvoltage with high amplitude will occur. The arrester has the ability to withstand a certain power frequency voltage rise in a certain period of time.